Flat Feet in Children Assessment & Treatment in Toronto
Flat Feet in Children: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment
If you’ve noticed your child’s feet appear flat or their arches seem missing, you’re not alone. Flat feet in children (pediatric flatfoot) is a common concern for parents, but it’s often a normal part of growth.
What Are Flat Feet in Children?
Flat feet (pes planus) occur when the arches of the feet are underdeveloped or collapse, causing the entire sole to touch the ground when standing. In infants and toddlers, flat feet are normal because the foot arch hasn’t formed yet.
Most children develop arches by age 6, but about 15–20% may retain flat feet into adolescence or adulthood.
There are two main types:
- Flexible flat feet: The arch appears when the child stands on tiptoes or sits, but flattens when standing. Most common and usually painless.
- Rigid flat feet: The arch is always absent, even when not standing. This type is less common and more likely to cause discomfort.
What Causes Flat Feet in Children?
Flat feet can result from several factors:
- Normal development: All babies are born with flat feet; arches form gradually, often by age 6.
- Genetics: Family history can increase the likelihood of persistent flat feet.
- Ligament laxity: Looser ligaments or weaker muscles may cause arches to collapse.
- Bone or structural issues: Rarely, conditions like tarsal coalition (fused foot bones) or congenital deformities cause rigid flat feet.
- Neuromuscular conditions: Disorders such as cerebral palsy or muscular dystrophy can affect foot structure.
- Obesity or overuse: Excess weight or repetitive stress may contribute, though less common in kids.
Your Feet Deserve Professional Care
Book your appointment today and take the first step toward healthier, pain-free feet.
Symptoms of Flat Feet in Children
Most children with flat feet have no symptoms. However, some may experience:
- Pain or aching in the feet, ankles, or lower legs (especially after activity)
- Fatigue or tiredness during play or sports
- Awkward walking or changes in gait (out-toeing)
- Swelling along the inner ankle
- Uneven shoe wear, especially on the inside edge
- Reluctance to participate in physical activities
If your child has persistent pain, trouble walking, or only one foot is affected, consult a pediatrician or podiatrist.
When Should You Worry About Flat Feet?
- Infants/toddlers (0–3 years): Flat feet are normal; no concern unless there’s pain or severe asymmetry.
- Preschoolers (3–6 years): Arches are forming; monitor for pain, limping, or one-sided flatness.
- School-age children (6+ years): Most have arches; seek help if flat feet cause pain, limit activity, or are rigid.
How Are Flat Feet Diagnosed?
A pediatrician or podiatrist will:
- Examine your child’s feet while standing, sitting, and walking
- Assess flexibility by having your child stand on tiptoes
- Check for pain, swelling, or abnormal movement
- Review family history and activity levels
- Order X-rays or other imaging if rigid flat feet or structural problems are suspected
What Our Customers Say
I recently visited Footcare on Bay to get custom orthotics, and they’ve been life-changing. Dr. Ray took the time to carefully assess my needs, explain everything in detail, and answer all of my questions. The orthotics I received have made a huge difference in my daily life—my foot pain is practically gone, and I feel so much more comfortable whether I’m walking, standing, or exercising. If you’re looking for quality care and real results, Footcare on Bay is the place to go.
A year ago, I dropped a coffee cup on my toe, and it turned into a pain-in-the-toe nightmare with an ingrown toenail. After several appointments with Dr. John Ray, we finally decided to "take care of it" once and for all. I was terrified - like, sweaty-palms, full-on panic mode- but Dr. Ray was a total pro.
I’m so thankful for Dr. Ray’s skill and ability to make me feel relaxed and comfortable. Highly recommend him to anyone who needs toe TLC (and a calming presence to stop you from hyperventilating in the chair).
I have had an aggressive form of an ingrown toenail for many years. I've been to many hospitals, many hours of waiting & no doctor would help me. Dr. Ray did a awesome job, I highly recommend him.
My father has been to multiple foot clinics and his foot pain still persisted. Was recommended by one of his friends and I brought him in. I explained the frustrations to the doctor there and I appreciate his honesty and care for my father. He tried other methods to help with recovery and 3 weeks in, so far so good.
Highly recommended!
I hobbled into the clinic with terrible pain in my left foot . After 8 hours of Dr Ray's treatment, l was pain-free and walking normally. I am very grateful for Dr. Ray's expertise and care.
I came in a few weeks a go regarding my severe heel pain that I’ve been dealing with for over a year now. I saw Dr. Ray who examined my issue and scheduled me for a series of shockwave treatments followed by fitting for Custom Orthotics. I now walk pain free! Highly recommend for anyone suffering from foot pain.
I had heel pain and Dr. Ray made my Orthotics and it fixed my foot pain. Excellent service!
After a really bad experience at another clinic, I came here for orthotics and although I don’t have them yet, it was a great experience and look forward to working with this place!.
I have been coming for years to Footcare on Bay for my orthotics. Despite a recent change in ownership, their commitment to customer service and satisfaction continues to be unparalleled. If there is an issue with your orthotic, they will move heaven and earth to make it right. That kind of customer service is rare these days. Great orthodics, great staff, great customer service. If you need orthotics, this is the place to get them.
Treatment Options for Flat Feet in Children
Most children with flexible, painless flat feet do not need treatment. The condition often resolves naturally. However, if your child has pain or difficulty with activities, options include:
Non-Surgical Treatments
- Supportive footwear: Shoes with good arch support and a firm sole
- Custom orthotics: Shoe inserts to support the arch and correct overpronation
- Physical therapy: Exercises to strengthen foot and leg muscles, improve flexibility, and correct gait
- Activity modification: Temporarily reduce high-impact activities if they cause pain
- Weight management: Encourage a healthy weight to reduce stress on feet
Surgical Options
Surgery is rarely needed, reserved for severe, rigid, or symptomatic cases that don’t improve with conservative care. Procedures may correct bone alignment or fuse bones to stabilize the foot.
Prevention & Home Care Tips
- Let your child walk barefoot on safe, varied surfaces to strengthen foot muscles
- Choose well-fitting shoes with arch support; avoid hand-me-downs
- Maintain good foot hygiene and monitor for changes
- Encourage regular physical activity to build strength and coordination
Flat Feet in Children: Frequently Asked Questions
Is it normal for kids to have flat feet?
Yes-flat feet are normal in young children and usually resolve as arches develop.
Can flat feet cause problems later in life?
Most painless flat feet do not cause issues. Untreated symptomatic flat feet may lead to knee, hip, or back pain due to misalignment.
How can I help my child with flat feet?
Provide supportive shoes, encourage activity, and consult a doctor if your child has pain or trouble walking.
At what age do children’s arches develop?
Arches typically form between ages 3 and 6, but some children develop them later or retain flat feet without symptoms.
When should I see a doctor?
If your child has pain, trouble walking, only one foot is affected, or has underlying health conditions, seek a professional evaluation.
Flat feet in children are usually a normal part of growth, but persistent pain or difficulty with activities deserves attention. With the right support and expert advice, most children can stay active and comfortable.
If you’re concerned about your child’s feet, our clinic’s pediatric specialists are here to help with personalized care and the latest treatment options.
Flat feet in children are often a normal part of growth, but understanding when to act is crucial for parents. By recognizing symptoms, seeking timely evaluations, and exploring treatments like supportive shoes or orthotics, you can ensure your child stays active and comfortable.
With the right care, your child can run, jump, and play without missing a step.
Looking for better foot support? We're just around the corner.
Call us today at